Historical pattern · 1986

Carl von Clausewitz · On War · 1832

Character/nature of war

  • An act of policy to use violence to impose one’s will upon another.
  • Duel or act of human interaction directed against an animate object that reacts.
  • Uncertainty of information acts as an impediment to vigorous activity.
  • Psychological/moral forces and effects (danger, intelligence, emotional factors, …) either impede or stimulate activity.
  • Friction (interaction of many factors, including those above) impedes activity.
  • Genius (harmonious balance of mind/temperament that permit one to overcome friction and excel at the complex activity of war) changes the nature and magnifies the scope of operations.
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Strategy

  • Exhaust enemy by influencing him to increase his expenditure of effort.
  • Seek out those centers of gravity upon which all power/movement depend and, if possible, trace them back to a single one.
  • Compress all effort, against those centers, into the fewest possible actions.
  • Subordinate all minor, or secondary, actions as much as possible.
  • Move with the utmost speed.
  • Seek the major battle (with superiority of number and conditions) that will promise a decisive victory.
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Aim

“Render enemy powerless”—with emphasis on “the destruction of his armed forces.”

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